SnowBear

It certainly had a severe dose of something yesterday, both ends

The PIT That isn't the only quarry in the area apparently, they can draw material from other quarries.

Theory. So, for roughly 800 years the cooled lava from the last eruptions held together what could be described as a"zip". Gradually over the years the moving apart of the tectonic plates creates more and more tension until during a series of earthquakes the rock shatters and cracks and releases many hundreds of years worth of movement in one go. For a few weeks magma rises, fills cracks, old lava tubes, and gradually fills up the system, occasionally we see short eruptions. What we see now is that magma/lava attempting to fill the void left behind by the unzipping of the fault. With the pressure released it no longer has a cap, and now just flows out, until a series of cinder cones, and enough weight of cooling lava is deposited on top to start to increase pressure on that flow at that particular point. We could see this happen now across the peninsula at various weak faults fractures where land has collapsed or fractured as part of the pulling apart process, and at times quite lengthy eruptions in long lines like this. This goes on for weeks, months or years until all possible weak spots are "glued up" and it all goes back to sleep for another approximately 800 years. We see many comments which say the magma "pushes" it's way through and parts the fault, this is more like the fault moves apart and the magma comes up to fill the gap. Tension rises, breaks and slides apart, volcanic activity fills and glues the fault together again, cools, tension rises, breaks and slides apart.... Rinse and repeat.

About the only mine in the world that's had a refill

I actually worry that in building those berms they have perhaps set themselves up for problems before long if things don't ease up. If you look at the graphic below it shows the lava field from this eruption. This has in itself now created a natural berm adding height to the topography. If we see an eruption further west it could trap lava along the berm across the top of Grindavik. It won't be able to travel east, it may try to travel west along the berm but I should imagine it would overtop the berm where any is trapped between the northern manmade berm and the lava field.

snowdog They closed the gap where the road went through the recently built berm, good forward planning in having the material ready to close it if needed

Isak now streaming, see above post.

Isak delayed again as he has to return to the spot he was first at.

Isak's drone stream to go live any moment.. (stream delayed as Isak moves to a new location.)

Shawn Willsey is streaming live and giving comments LFI multipane stream.. https://www.youtube.com/live/804nPrAUAxg?feature=shared

Nothing over 30°c, I have to work in it. Ideally 24-26°c as that's the best temp I find for hand coach painting.

Fen Wolf I rarely post on there and not always there due to work etc but I'm subscribed to the channel too.

This will now probably carry on for years as part of the cycle of the volcanic activity which appears to occur on the peninsula. I do wonder at what point the authorities have to say OK, enough, Reykjanes Peninsula we have to leave to nature for now. I know there are huge costs involved but it's also costing to try and divert or prevent lava reaching certain areas, all of which may be for nothing in the long run. Some volcanoes elsewhere on the island may be conducive to building defenses, those on long cycle eruptions and once erupted have a fairly long quiet period, but Reykjanes is an area totally broken with fractures and faults across a large area, plus the history of a fairly regular pattern of roughly 800 yrs quiet and then 100-200 of activity. I think now is the time they need to think on abandoning the area, with infrastructure slowly being destroyed, a town which sits on hugely unstable ground, and the power plant unfortunately a little too close to the main activity.

Vortex3929 Only reason I said maybe graphics/memory (shared memory) is because NetWX threads can get extremely graphics heavy with the charts, maps and linked information. I see you have a Samsung Galaxy A22 5g, just had a quick search on it, some people do seem to have problems with memory filling up quick. Do you have an SD card installed? Could move all apps which can run from SD card to that card. One thing I did see, outside shot.. Check this... On your phone... Samsung Internet > Menu (three lines) > Settings > Sites and Downloads > Site Permissions. Make sure Javascript is allowed. Also Cookies, allow all.

Umm, if no one else is having the same problem, and it doesn't appear anyone else at all is, I would say it's device specific rather than code related. Does it happen anywhere else? Check caches are clear, run an optimiser if you have one, then check all is absolutely up to date, both apps and system and fresh reboot. Also, check for unused apps and uninstall them and in settings which apps run in the background which don't need to. This will make sure you are not simply running out of memory. If that doesn't fix and no one else reports the same issue then it maybe faulty memory/graphics in my opinion with the way it's overlaying text.

@Wade People no longer listen. That's probably very true, I call it information overload. Before tv became very popular, most people listened to the news and weather, or read the newspaper. I can remember my grandfather listening to the news every morning and every evening, especially the weather forecast for the following day so he could plan which allotment or garden task he would do next. Even when the number of tv channels increased the news in the evening was a major event, when I was at school we always had the evening news on. Since the advent of the Internet, cable tv, and all sorts of digital distractions, many are now not aware of the current news or weather or are bombarded so much they effectively switch off from it all, desensitised. I do understand in naming a storm makes it eye catching, hopefully people will take note, but the danger is there in that too becoming diluted and eventually ignored especially if its used for non exceptional weather, the resulting storm/damage is less than warned too many times or it has no impact on certain locations even though parts of the system may pass over it.

Personally I think naming storms is leading us down a dangerous path. Recently we have seen a number of storms named one after the other, some only a day or so apart. Over time this will lead to apathy, where constant warning being given out start to be ignored due to some storms perhaps not being as strong as first thought, or maybe only effect a very small area. Many parts of the UK are windy, I've lived in Cornwall and a severe gale is to many just a good blow, it happens every winter, many times. Many times I've stood on the cliffs and watched the sea boil, sat in bed and hear the tiles ripple, . Similarly other areas have notable localised wind spots, Capel Curig, the Highlands, Pennines and so on. I agree naming exceptional storms is warranted, and many in the past would in my view be candidates for naming. But perhaps the threshold is a bit low for now? I think also the problem where named storms get into the news, that it might just skim our shores, but essentially ends up being a news item in another country doesn't help that aim of trying to forewarn the population of exceptional weather in our country. Eventually what I can see happening is every time a storm gets named for what ends up being a strong to severe gale everything grinds to a halt, same as we see with an inch of snow now. To many of us who are old enough to remember the severe winters where we had snow laying for days, drifts measured in feet, icycles from gutter to floor, plus the winter storms... We still got to work, we still went to school (only time school shut was if the boiler broke down alas, and the teachers still got into school too), we were not afraid to face the elements, we dressed accordingly, were aware and without the technology we have now too in being able to look on our phones for the weather forecasts and the weather itself in real time. In many ways I do wonder is it right that we are instilling fear for what is really just normal winter weather? Naming a storm should mean it is in the category of exceptional, phenomenal, a severe storm, hurricane or of hurricane strength, otherwise the reason becomes diluted and apathy takes hold.

Just want to pick up on this. If we have a wind speed of 50mph, that will give a wind load of 306 Newtons/68.8lbf. If we increase to 70mph that wind load almost doubles to 599 Newtons/134.84lbf...for a 20mph increase. This is why there is such a huge difference between a Cat 4 and a Cat 5 hurricane. A low Cat 4 can be say 135mph, (2,231N/501.5lbf), whereas a low order Cat 5 at say 160mph (3,331.6N/704.5lbf), is only 25mph extra but the difference in wind load is huge. The most powerful cyclone Typhoon Haiyan peaked at 190mph sustained one minute averaged winds. This gives... 4,419N/993lbf.....nearly 1,000 pounds per square foot!

Remember to keep checking this page which posts the IMO updates for Reykjanes. Land uplift continues at Svartsengi | News | Icelandic Meteorological office EN.VEDUR.IS Below is the latest hazard map as of yesterday, I don't think it will be that long before we see further activity. Interesting to note in the bottom left hand corner the graphic the map of faults through Grindavik, showing just how shattered the land is under the town.

I think unfortunately now this area has "woken up" we will see what we have seen this past 24 hours or so fairly often. I've read that there is a cycle of inactivity and activity over many hundreds of years and this is probably the start of a fairly active period which could last a couple of hundred years. Really, when you look at the geology of Reykjanes the land is just completely shattered and even flying over it you can see how tortured and stressed it is. The question is how long and how much effort do they put into trying to save Grindavik with the ground underneath so unstable, as was seen in previous weeks and today with that sliding. I think this is only the start and eventually we could see that whole landscape changed over the course of the next few years. After all, what we are watching is what has created Iceland as a whole.

In the past we too were able to adapt. The inuits, Native Americans, and also most other tribes around the world were able to move as the climate changed, on to more suitable areas to farm, hunt or graze. The Native Americans of South America moved many times over the course of hundreds of years, mostly northwards towards the Yukatan as the "dry line" shifted during that period. We have lost that ability, we have country borders, cities, over population, and all sorts of reasons now which means we can no longer adapt so easily to any changes in the climate where we can leave those areas which become inhabitable and move to better areas. Climate change itself is not a problem for the Earth, it can change hugely and it will still be here, and life will go on albeit perhaps in different forms. For humans though it is a big issue, and we do have to learn to adapt. But humans are funny, they hate change and they are now too slow to adapt, too political, and too comfy in their modern luxury.

Not had a chance to study these closely yet as work demands are manic at the moment but here is the latest on Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Article in Phys.org on the changes in chemistry and dynamics following the eruption. (Phys.org, 20th Nov, 2023). Study examines how massive 2022 eruption changed stratosphere chemistry and dynamics PHYS.ORG When the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano erupted on January 15, 2022 in the South Pacific, it produced a shock wave felt around the world and triggered tsunamis in Tonga, Fiji, New Zealand... Publication on the efects on ozone. (ACP, 23rd Oct, 2023) Stratospheric ozone depletion inside the volcanic plume shortly after the 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption ACP.COPERNICUS.ORG Abstract. Near-term in-plume ozone depletion was observed for about 10 d by the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) right after the January 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) eruption... Publication in PNAS on the "Impact of the Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption on stratospheric composition" (PNAS, Oct 30th, 2023) Just a moment... WWW.PNAS.ORG When I get the chance I'll have a good read I think, looks interesting.

Looks like a slow burner for now. Interesting piece here with a comparison to the Krafla Fires in the 70s with multiple intrusions with some erupting and some not. More magma propogation likely | News | Icelandic Meteorological office EN.VEDUR.IS

Well, from what I see is there is quite an interesting discussion going on in here, with some varying opinions, and with the complexity and mountain of info out there, I expect to see varying opinions. It's good to question science, and we should do, continually, this is where break thoughts in understanding comes from. The earths atmosphere is an extremely complex system, to say we completely understand it is naive. That is not the same as a denier, who out and out sees it all as a conspiracy and that there is no warning etc. We know the climate is changing, as it has done since the earth was formed, what we have to define, is each individual part precisely to understand the whole. Have humans effected the climate? Yes. Is there other things going on to? Yes. Is there things we still don't understand? Yes. Should we keep questioning our current understanding? Yes. When you stop questioning and seeking answers, checking and double checking, looking for alternatives, science stops.

There is evidence that aerosols both increase and decrease rainfall depending on concentration. If the concentration is too high it doesn't allow water to condensate in large enough quantities around the particles to become large enough and heavy enough to fall as raindrops. Very low concentration, low rainfall, as concentration increases so does rainfall, until the threshold is reached where it then starts to reduce rainfall.