Hi everyone, I don't make too many contributions but I do read the posts with great interest and there are some very knowledgeable people out there. It all makes for fascinating reading. I'm more of a 'look at the stats and make a prediction bases on probability' than a forecaster but either method has its drawbacks. I know there are 'lies, damn lies and statistics' but climate is about trends bases on statistics so here goes. The pattern for the last 15 years or so has been for quite warm autumns and mild to very mild winters. Last winter bucked the trend a little - but frighteningly, if you are a cold lover, despite seemingly 'perfect' conditions for a very cold winter, it never materialised. Contrastingly, when the scene is set for record high temperatures they duly appear (reference July and Sepember this year). Why? Read on. Most months now are warmer than the long term average (not usually by as much as July and September) and very few are below average (even then by only a fraction). The net result of these increaing temperatures is that the seas around our shores are steadily warming. Our maritime climate means that our weather is moderated by the sea. As water warms and cools much more slowly than land masses, the current warming trend is having more effect on us that our continental neighbours. Couple that with an increase in the number of days with southerly winds (a warm direction) and it is not surprising that our winters are getting warmer and our summers hotter - the warmer the waters around our shores get, the more influence this warm water has on our winter temperatures - hence when cold weather arrives, it is not as cold as it used to be having been warmed by the sea more than it used to be. Contrastingly, the warmer waters do not cool the summe temperatures as much as before hence warmer sumer temperatures. It is a viscious cycle. In my opinion, last winter was as close as we can get to a cold one (and it wasn't that cold). If we had the same set up this year as last (which seems unlikely) the winter would not even be as cold as last year's because the sea around us has been heated even more during the hot summer and this has continued in to September. My forecast for autumn - above average temperatures for October and espescially November (probably not record breaking though) followed by slightly warmer than average winter months with more rainfall than last year but not excessive. Very few frosts in either autumn or winter. PS Hope I'm wrong though! Best wishes to all, ukmoose